Art, literature & historyGiorgio de Chirico
1888–1978
Selected artwork
The Song of Love
1914
Museum of Modern Art
Biography
Giuseppe Maria Alberto Giorgio de Chirico ( KIRR-ik-oh; Italian: [ˈdʒordʒo de ˈkiːriko]; 10 July 1888 – 20 November 1978) was a Greek-Italian artist and writer born in Volos, Greece. In the years before World War I, he founded the scuola metafisica art movement, which profoundly influenced the surrealists. His best-known works often feature Roman arcades, long shadows, mannequins, trains, and illogical perspective. His imagery reflects his affinity for the philosophy of Arthur Schopenhauer and of Friedrich Nietzsche, and for the mythology of his birthplace.
After 1919, de Chirico became a critic of modern art, studied traditional painting techniques, and later worked in a neoclassical or neo-Baroque style, while frequently revisiting the metaphysical themes of his earlier work.
Wikipedia contributors. Opening excerpt, formatted for reading. CC BY-SA 4.0. Source revision.
Influenced by
- Alfred Kubineditorial inference
Evidence
Explicit secondary-source assertion; independent historical verification remains pending.
- Arnold Böcklineditorial inference
Evidence
Explicit secondary-source assertion; independent historical verification remains pending.
- Max Klingereditorial inference
Evidence
Explicit secondary-source assertion; independent historical verification remains pending.
- Raphaeleditorial inference
Evidence
Explicit secondary-source assertion; independent historical verification remains pending.
Later influence
- George Aulteditorial inference
Evidence
Explicit secondary-source assertion; independent historical verification remains pending.
- Hughie Lee-Smitheditorial inference
Evidence
Wikidata assertion retained for review; its references, if supplied, have not been independently verified.
- Yves Tanguyeditorial inference
Evidence
Explicit secondary-source assertion; independent historical verification remains pending.
- René Magritteeditorial inference
Evidence
Explicit secondary-source assertion; independent historical verification remains pending.
- Yōzō Hamaguchieditorial inference
Evidence
Read the named influence and its direction; broader schools are not converted to individuals. Explicit secondary-source assertion; independent historical verification remains pending.
- Carlo Carràeditorial inference
Evidence
Explicit secondary-source assertion; independent historical verification remains pending.
- Salvador Dalíeditorial inference
Evidence
Explicit secondary-source assertion; independent historical verification remains pending.
- Paul Nasheditorial inference
Evidence
Explicit secondary-source assertion; independent historical verification remains pending.
- Giorgio Morandieditorial inference
Evidence
Explicit secondary-source assertion; independent historical verification remains pending.
- Leone Minassianeditorial inference
Evidence
The biography attributes influence on Minassian's early work to Giorgio de Chirico. Explicit secondary-source assertion; independent historical verification remains pending.
- Felix Nussbaumeditorial inference
Evidence
The biography identifies de Chirico as a later influence on Nussbaum. Explicit secondary-source assertion; independent historical verification remains pending.
- Yiannis Moralisdocumented
Evidence
Moralis identifies De Chirico’s influence on his woodcut for Cavafy’s Voices; this is a work-specific first-person account. The cited museum text was read and supports this relationship.
Artworks by year
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Museums & collections
Documented holdings of works attributed to Giorgio de Chirico. Check the museum’s record for current display information.
- Museum of Modern Art14 recorded works
- Musée d'art moderne de Paris12 recorded works
- Art Institute of Chicago11 recorded works
- The Metropolitan Museum of Art6 recorded works
- National Gallery of Art4 recorded works
- Villa Necchi Campiglio4 recorded works
- Tate3 recorded works
- Galleria d'Arte Moderna e Contemporanea (GAMeC)2 recorded works
- Musei Civici di Arte e Storia2 recorded works
- Art Gallery of Ontario1 recorded work
- Civico Museo Parisi Valle1 recorded work
- Kunsthaus Zürich1 recorded work
- Kunstsammlung Nordrhein-Westfalen1 recorded work
- musée Greuze - hôtel-Dieu — Tournus1 recorded work
- Nationalmuseum1 recorded work
- Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts1 recorded work
Sources 13
- Wikidata (CC0)
- National Gallery of Art
- Country research — museum-connected artworks and verified painter affiliations
- Museum authority country review
- Pantheon 2025 — Datawheel (CC BY-SA 4.0)
- Museum authority country review
- Tate Collection metadata (October 2014 snapshot)
- Cypriot and Greek artist portraits: selected Wikimedia and institutional archive sources
- CH museum and gallery creator authorities
- US museum and gallery creator authorities
- Pantheon 2025 — Datawheel (CC BY-SA 4.0)
- Expanded artwork research — official museum evidence
- Pantheon 2025 — Datawheel (CC BY-SA 4.0)