Cardinal Fernando Niño de Guevara (1541–1609)
El Greco · ca. 1600
El Greco: 1541–1614
Selected works
5 records · choose a work for detailsOther names (62)
Domenico Greco, Domenico Greco Teotocópuli, Domenicos Theotocopoulis, Domenicos Theotocopoulos, Domenicos Theotocopuli, Domenicos Theotokópoulos, Domenico Tehocopopuli, Domenico Teoscopoli, Domenico Teotocopulo, Domenico Teotopopuli, Domenico Theocopoli, Domenico Theocopuli, Domenico Theopoli, Domenico Theoscopoli, Domenico Theotocopolo, Domenico Theotocopopulos, Domenico Theotocopouli, Doménico Theotocopoulis, Doménico Theotocopoulos, Domenico Theotocopuli, Domenico Theotocopulo, Domenico Theotocopuly, Domenico Theotokopoli, Domenico Theotokopolis, Domenico Theotokopoulos, Domenico Theotokopuli, Domenico Theotorotoli, Domenico Theotoskopoli, Domenikos Theotocopoulis, Domenikos Theotocopoulos, Doménikos Theotocópuli, Domenikos Theotokopolous, Domenikos Theotokopoulos, Doménikos Zeotokopoulos, Domeniko Theotokopoulos, Domingo de Theotocopuli, Domingo Greco, Domingo Teotocópul, Domingo Theotocópuli, Dominico Greco, Dominico Greco Teotocopuli, Dominico, Griego Theotocópuli, Dominico Theotocopuli, Dominikos Greco, Dom Thoepotuli, El Dominico, El Griego, Greco Domenicos Theotocopuli, Grego scolare di Titiano, Il Greco, Le Grec, Menegos Theotokopoulos, Tehocopopuli, Teoscopoli, Teotocopuli, Theocopoli, Theopoli, Theotocopoli, Theotocopuli, Theotokopoli, Theotokopolis, Δομήνικος Θεοτοκόπουλος (Doménikos Theotokópoulos)
Domenikos Theotokopoulos, known as El Greco, was born in Crete and developed a career across the eastern Mediterranean, Italy and Spain. Byzantine art formed an important part of his artistic background. In Venice he encountered the painting of Titian, Tintoretto and the Bassano family; in Rome he studied works by Michelangelo and Raphael. By 1577 he had settled in Toledo, where religious commissions and portraits became central to his practice. His distinctive use of colour, gesture and elongated figures gave familiar subjects an intense visual character. The works selected here include a city view, a portrait and religious scenes, connecting his different kinds of painting.
Influenced by
- Byzantine paintingscholarly consensus
Evidence
The National Gallery explicitly identifies Byzantine art as a formative influence on the Cretan-born painter, alongside his encounters with Italian painting.
- National Gallery, Londoninfluences
The National Gallery explicitly identifies Byzantine art as a formative influence on the Cretan-born painter, alongside his encounters with Italian painting.
- National Gallery, Londoninfluences
Later influence
Connections are still being researched.
Sources & research notes 14
- Wikidata (CC0)authority enrichment
Wikidata CC0: aliases, short description and non-deprecated P135 movement associations. No influence claims inferred. Review required.
- Spanish painters: selected museum and authority researchauthority identity and dates
See the linked source for supporting information.
- National Gallery, Londonbiography
Original concise biography based on this museum account, with observations about Artline’s selected works.
- National Gallery, Londongeography
Geographic affiliations reviewed against the museum biography; country labels are modern reference geography, not claims of historical citizenship.
- Country research — museum-connected artworks and verified painter affiliationsgeography
Country affiliation: Greece (GR).
Evidence basis: Explicit painter cultural-affiliation wording corroborated by source country/biography evidence. Historical polity membership is discovery context only and never mapped automatically to a modern country. Not museum location, birthplace or exclusive citizenship.
Source description: Greek artist, painter, sculptor and architect (1541–1614)
Biography cross-check: Doménikos Theotokópoulos (Greek: Δομήνικος Θεοτοκόπουλος, pronounced [ðoˈminikos θeotoˈkopulos]; 1 October 1541 – 7 April 1614), most widely known as El Greco (Spanish pronunciation: [el ˈɣɾeko]; "The Greek"), was a Greek painter, sculptor and architect of the Spanish Renaissance, regarded as one o
Historical-polity statements: 1 recorded for discovery context only.
- National Gallery, Londonidentity
Artist identity reviewed against this museum biography.
- Pantheon 2025 — Datawheel (CC BY-SA 4.0)identity
Pantheon 2025 by Datawheel, CC BY-SA 4.0; Yu et al. (2016), Scientific Data 2:150075, doi:10.1038/sdata.2015.75. Adapted selection ranked by HPI; popularity is not artistic quality. Source dates are not independently reviewed; existing editorial dates are preserved.
- National Gallery, Londonmovements
Primary movement is an editorial classification within Artline’s existing taxonomy, informed by this account of the artist’s period and practice.
- SMK: exact creator authority reconciliationmuseum creator authority
See the linked source for supporting information.
- NGA: verified existing artist authoritiesmuseum creator authority
See the linked source for supporting information.
- Pantheon 2025 — Datawheel (CC BY-SA 4.0)ranking
Pantheon 2025 by Datawheel, CC BY-SA 4.0; Yu et al. (2016), Scientific Data 2:150075, doi:10.1038/sdata.2015.75. Adapted selection ranked by HPI; popularity is not artistic quality. Source dates are not independently reviewed; existing editorial dates are preserved.
- Expanded artwork research — official museum evidenceround2 creator authority
Museum creator: El Greco (Domenikos Theotokopoulos); source biography: 1541–1614; identity basis: documented_name_variant_and_biography; source facts preserved in research_artwork_enrichments.
- National Gallery, Londontimeline dates
Life dates reviewed; approximate or uncertain dates remain qualified.
- Pantheon 2025 — Datawheel (CC BY-SA 4.0)timeline dates
Pantheon 2025 by Datawheel, CC BY-SA 4.0; Yu et al. (2016), Scientific Data 2:150075, doi:10.1038/sdata.2015.75. Adapted selection ranked by HPI; popularity is not artistic quality. Source dates are not independently reviewed; existing editorial dates are preserved.