Portrait of the Daughters of the Manufacturer Vysotsky

Leonid Osipovich Pasternak (Russian: Леонид Осипович Пастернак; born Yitzhok-Leib or Isaak Iosifovich Pasternak; 3 April [O.S. 22 March] 1862 – 31 May 1945) was a Russian painter. He was the father of the poet and novelist Boris Pasternak.

Pasternak was born in Odessa to an Orthodox Jewish family on 3 April 1862. The family claimed to be distantly descended, in one line, from Isaac Abrabanel, the 15th-century Jewish philosopher and treasurer of Portugal, although no independent evidence of this exists. Leonid's father made an income by renting out a guest house. The courtyard of the guest house, with its adjoining coach-house, first awakened Leonid's artistic imagination. He was the youngest of six children.

He started to draw very early, but his family tried to discourage him, as they feared that his drawing would interfere with his studies. His first sponsor was the local street cleaner who began buying Pasternak's art when Leonid was seven years old. During 1879–1881 Leonid Pasternak was a student at the Grekov Odessa Art School.

From 1881 to 1885, Pasternak studied at Moscow University, first in the Department of Medicine, then in the Department of Law.